Compare stochastic disturbances and deterministic disturbances and their ecological consequences.

Compare stochastic disturbances and deterministic disturbances and their ecological consequences.

• A. Stochastic disturbances are random in time and space; deterministic disturbances are regular or predictable; both shape community composition and adaptation strategies.
• B. Stochastic disturbances are unpredictable in time but predictable in space; deterministic disturbances are random in space and time.
• C. Stochastic disturbances always cause extinction; deterministic disturbances never affect populations.
• D. Stochastic disturbances are rare events; deterministic disturbances occur frequently.

Answer: (A)